Patients with thyroid disease observational analysis of serum levels of Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) and Visfatin: focus on thyroid cancer

Abstract

Author(s): Burhan Talip Lafta, Suhad Hassan Aubaid, Ekhlas Saddam Falih, Musaab Khadhim H

Background: Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) is a transport protein responsible for carrying vitamin A (retinol) from the liver to peripheral tissues. Visfatin, also known as Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyl Transferase (NAMPT), is an adipokine involved in glucose metabolism and has pro-inflammatory properties. Our core hypothesis suggests a potential link between thyroid diseases and distinct serum level of RBP4 and visfatin. The study aims to discern any significant differences in these protein levels between individuals with thyroid disorders and healthy control. Methods: Conducted as a case-control study at multiple centers in Baghdad, Iraq from November 2022 to May 2023, this research assessed 150 serum samples across five groups: Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid cancer, Thyroid Goiter, and healthy controls. Parameters included BMI, Serum RBP4 and Visfatin., and thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH). Assessment utilized ELISA kits and Tosoh AIA 360 Analyzer. Results: Significant differences in serum RBP4 and Visfatin levels were discovered across thyroid conditions and between genders. Elevated RBP4 levels were predominantly seen in Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Cancer, and Thyroid Goiter cases, while Visfatin levels were notably higher in hypothyroid patients. Additionally, varying BMI levels across thyroid conditions were observed, promoting further investigation. Conclusion: The results corroborate our hypothesis, suggesting that RBP4 and Visfatin could be potential markers for thyroid dysfunction. However, the complexity and hormone-specific interactions necessitate caution in their diagnostic application. Future studies should explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of these adipokines for specific thyroid conditions and further examine variables affecting BMIA.

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